Yazd University Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature 2645-453X 26 65 2025 08 23 Investigating the didactic views of Ahmad Ghazali regarding mystical conduct: A case study of Resaleh Al-Toyour, Mokatebat, Resaleh Al-Eynieh, and Wasaya Investigating the didactic views of Ahmad Ghazali regarding mystical conduct: A case study of Resaleh Al-Toyour, Mokatebat, Resaleh Al-Eynieh, and Wasaya 9 38 3638 10.29252/kavosh.2024.21667.3576 FA Mahdi Maleksabet Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Yazd University 0000-0002-6882-9080 Davood Vaseghi Postdoctoral student of Yazd University 0009-0000-7531-4045 Journal Article 2024 05 22 Ahmad Ghazali was one of the great Sufis of the 5th and 6th centuries AH. Different branches of Sufism have benefited from his worldview and teachings directly and indirectly. According to most mystics, in addition to natural sciences, he also mastered the esoteric sciences and was a pioneer in the field of practical mysticism. A careful review of Abul Fotuh's works reveals that he has presented innovative ideas about the foundations of theoretical mysticism and many teachings on mysticism, thus providing a comprehensive program for truth seekers according to his occult intuition and findings. This study is conducted through library work and with a descriptive-analytical method to examine Ahmad Ghazali's views on mystical manners and his educational points and innovations. The research data are extracted from the Resaleh al-Toyour, Mokatebat, Resaleh al-Einyeh and Wasaya collections. The results of the research reveal that Abul Fotouh has described the journey of the seekers to the court of God in an allegorical and symbolic manner. In his narration, there are also talks about the needlessness of God, divine grace, the position of sacrifice, divine attraction, and divine favor. In his other works, he has written about divine inspirations, seizure of time, seeing the unseen, telling the truth, rejection of carnal desires and mammon, mental purity, and the criteria of divine justice. Ahmad Ghazali was one of the great Sufis of the 5th and 6th centuries AH. Different branches of Sufism have benefited from his worldview and teachings directly and indirectly. According to most mystics, in addition to natural sciences, he also mastered the esoteric sciences and was a pioneer in the field of practical mysticism. A careful review of Abul Fotuh's works reveals that he has presented innovative ideas about the foundations of theoretical mysticism and many teachings on mysticism, thus providing a comprehensive program for truth seekers according to his occult intuition and findings. This study is conducted through library work and with a descriptive-analytical method to examine Ahmad Ghazali's views on mystical manners and his educational points and innovations. The research data are extracted from the Resaleh al-Toyour, Mokatebat, Resaleh al-Einyeh and Wasaya collections. The results of the research reveal that Abul Fotouh has described the journey of the seekers to the court of God in an allegorical and symbolic manner. In his narration, there are also talks about the needlessness of God, divine grace, the position of sacrifice, divine attraction, and divine favor. In his other works, he has written about divine inspirations, seizure of time, seeing the unseen, telling the truth, rejection of carnal desires and mammon, mental purity, and the criteria of divine justice.

https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_3638_8ab48652150e6694d5f5fc9532a92476.pdf

Yazd University Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature 2645-453X 26 65 2025 08 23 Analysis of the construction of Farhad in Nezami Ganjavi’s Khosrow va ShirinNezami Analysis of the construction of Farhad in Nezami Ganjavi’s Khosrow va ShirinNezami 39 58 3796 10.29252/kavosh.2025.22460.3653 FA Sayyed Ahmad Parsa Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan 0000-0002-4711-4713 Journal Article 2024 11 27 The love story of Khosrow va Shirin has been noticed for a long time and narrated in different ways. The narrations of Al-Jahiz (772-840), Dinawari (9th century), Tabari (839-922), Al-Tha'lebi (961-1038), Ibn-e Nabatah (1287-1367) and Ferdowsi (941-1025) are considered among the works that do not mention Farhad. Nezami Ganjavi (1136-1222) brought up this character for the first time in his book Khosrow va Shirin, and he made him Khosrow's love rival. The present research seeks to analyze the discourse logic on the construction of Farhad in Khosrow va Shirin by Nezami Ganjavi. It is supposed to answer these questions ‘From where and how did Farhad enter Nezami Ganjavi's poetry?’ and ‘What are the reasons for naming the book by Nezami in the current form and for changing Shirin's personality traits in comparison with previous works?’ The research method is descriptive-analytical. The data were collected through library work, document analysis, and content analysis. The result showed that Farhad's story has entered Nezami’s work through the local narratives of the Zagros region and by combining it with Ferdowsi’s narration. Nezami was able to create a different work. From a discursive perspective, he interfered with the title of the work and changed it to Khosrow va Shirin by removing the name Farhad from the title of the original work, adding the name Khosrow instead and placing it before the name Shirin. It seems that he did this for two reasons, patriarchal discourse and power (being a man and a king). By doing so, while highlighting the name of Khosrow, he includes the story of Farhad as a sub-narrative. The love story of Khosrow va Shirin has been noticed for a long time and narrated in different ways. The narrations of Al-Jahiz (772-840), Dinawari (9th century), Tabari (839-922), Al-Tha'lebi (961-1038), Ibn-e Nabatah (1287-1367) and Ferdowsi (941-1025) are considered among the works that do not mention Farhad. Nezami Ganjavi (1136-1222) brought up this character for the first time in his book Khosrow va Shirin, and he made him Khosrow's love rival. The present research seeks to analyze the discourse logic on the construction of Farhad in Khosrow va Shirin by Nezami Ganjavi. It is supposed to answer these questions ‘From where and how did Farhad enter Nezami Ganjavi's poetry?’ and ‘What are the reasons for naming the book by Nezami in the current form and for changing Shirin's personality traits in comparison with previous works?’ The research method is descriptive-analytical. The data were collected through library work, document analysis, and content analysis. The result showed that Farhad's story has entered Nezami’s work through the local narratives of the Zagros region and by combining it with Ferdowsi’s narration. Nezami was able to create a different work. From a discursive perspective, he interfered with the title of the work and changed it to Khosrow va Shirin by removing the name Farhad from the title of the original work, adding the name Khosrow instead and placing it before the name Shirin. It seems that he did this for two reasons, patriarchal discourse and power (being a man and a king). By doing so, while highlighting the name of Khosrow, he includes the story of Farhad as a sub-narrative.

https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_3796_a0811f2dd64819705e283d6f4e89874e.pdf

Yazd University Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature 2645-453X 26 65 2025 08 23 A Comparative Study of Bahram-e Gur's Life in Jawame al-Hekayat and Canonical Historical Sources A Comparative Study of Bahram-e Gur's Life in Jawame al-Hekayat and Canonical Historical Sources 59 98 3792 10.29252/kavosh.2025.21940.3602 FA Zahra Arab Ameri Department of Persian Language and Literature, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran 0009-0009-8219-9626 Ali Mohammad Shahsani Department of Persian Language and Literature, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Journal Article 2024 04 15 The present research is devoted to the investigation of the stories of Sassanid Bahram V, nicknamed Bahram-e Gur, in the book Awfi's Tales of the Societies. Jawame ’Al-Hikayat is one of the reliable books of Persian language, which has been insufficiently discussed due to its large volume. Therefore, in order to show the similarities and differences between the stories in the narrative societies and the historical sources, we will compare the stories with four important Persian and Islamic sources (Tabari History, Bal’ami History, Tha’labi History, and Shahnameh). It seems that the main source of Bahram's stories is based on historical narratives. Also, Awfi has been able to create a new narrative by reducing or increasing it. The results of comparing Awfi's narrative with historical books show that some of Bahram-e Gur's stories are not found in the mentioned historical sources, or Awfi has simply rejected them just to deal with the character of Bahram-e Gur as a positive character. It should be mentioned that some narrations about Bahram-e Gur have only appeared in legends, and authentic historical books have not mentioned them. Our method in this research is to analyze individual stories and deal with their commonalities and differences. The present research is devoted to the investigation of the stories of Sassanid Bahram V, nicknamed Bahram-e Gur, in the book Awfi's Tales of the Societies. Jawame ’Al-Hikayat is one of the reliable books of Persian language, which has been insufficiently discussed due to its large volume. Therefore, in order to show the similarities and differences between the stories in the narrative societies and the historical sources, we will compare the stories with four important Persian and Islamic sources (Tabari History, Bal’ami History, Tha’labi History, and Shahnameh). It seems that the main source of Bahram's stories is based on historical narratives. Also, Awfi has been able to create a new narrative by reducing or increasing it. The results of comparing Awfi's narrative with historical books show that some of Bahram-e Gur's stories are not found in the mentioned historical sources, or Awfi has simply rejected them just to deal with the character of Bahram-e Gur as a positive character. It should be mentioned that some narrations about Bahram-e Gur have only appeared in legends, and authentic historical books have not mentioned them. Our method in this research is to analyze individual stories and deal with their commonalities and differences.

https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_3792_92c8e553a57df84ee9af972cfc7caa0c.pdf

Yazd University Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature 2645-453X 26 65 2025 08 23 Pathology of the Function and Design of Quranic Data in the Works of Reza Amirkhani Pathology of the Function and Design of Quranic Data in the Works of Reza Amirkhani 99 126 3762 10.29252/kavosh.2025.21991.3612 FA Qmars Rajaby KJHKFGCBLRFHN Sohrab Morovati Faculty of Theology, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran Mojtaba Mohhamady Anvig Faculty of Theology, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran Journal Article 2024 08 08 Reza Amirkhani is among contemporary writers who pay special attention to the verses, references, meanings, and concepts of the Quran in their works. Amirkhani's extensive use of Quranic verses within the context of the rhetorical implications and lexical arrangements presented in his writings has led to the creation of a unique linguistic strategy. However, Amirkhani is not always successful in achieving the intended semantic emergence. At times, when the Quranic verses find their way into his specific linguistic games, the reader becomes confused, and his feelings and perceptions are challenged. The present study employs a descriptive-analytical method to examine the issues related to the presentation of Quranic concepts and references in Amirkhani's works. Accordingly, the lexical implications in Amirkhani's writings are explored, and the semantic-conceptual combinations of Quranic verses in those works are analyzed. The content-related issues in Amirkhani's works regarding the Quranic concepts and meanings relate to misinterpretations and readings of Quranic phrases and concepts alongside complex and disruptive linguistic games that have been applied to some Quranic expressions. Reza Amirkhani is among contemporary writers who pay special attention to the verses, references, meanings, and concepts of the Quran in their works. Amirkhani's extensive use of Quranic verses within the context of the rhetorical implications and lexical arrangements presented in his writings has led to the creation of a unique linguistic strategy. However, Amirkhani is not always successful in achieving the intended semantic emergence. At times, when the Quranic verses find their way into his specific linguistic games, the reader becomes confused, and his feelings and perceptions are challenged. The present study employs a descriptive-analytical method to examine the issues related to the presentation of Quranic concepts and references in Amirkhani's works. Accordingly, the lexical implications in Amirkhani's writings are explored, and the semantic-conceptual combinations of Quranic verses in those works are analyzed. The content-related issues in Amirkhani's works regarding the Quranic concepts and meanings relate to misinterpretations and readings of Quranic phrases and concepts alongside complex and disruptive linguistic games that have been applied to some Quranic expressions.

https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_3762_2318a86c012edac1aab19a3d1c5a07dd.pdf

Yazd University Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature 2645-453X 26 65 2025 08 23 A psychoanalytic study of the novel 'Golnar and the Mirror' A psychoanalytic study of the novel 'Golnar and the Mirror' 127 155 3763 10.29252/kavosh.2025.22107.3618 FA Leila Rezaei Department of Persian Language &amp;Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Busheher, Iran Journal Article 2024 09 07 Golnar and the mirror is a novel by Mohammad Azam Rahnavard Zaryab with a focus on the mental transformation of "Robabeh", a dancer girl from Kabul, one of whose ancester is Golnar, a ritual dancer in the court of a Maharaja. Golnar once competed with her own image in the mirror and gained amazing strength by winning over it. Robabeh also hopes for overcoming her image. So, the main theme of the novel is considering the mirror’s image as "other" and defeating it. Jacques Lacan considers the role of "other" in forming the "subject". ‘Mirror Stage’ is an important part of Lacanian psychoanalysis. He considers it as an illusion that shows the boundaries of the human existence and the presence of "another". This research has analyzed the novel Golnar and the Mirror with a descriptive-analytical method by applying a psychoanalytic criticism approch. It has studied the meaning of Golnar's competition with the "other" in the mirror, as well as the mental evolution of Robabeh and her attempt to transform into Golnar. The result shows that both Golnar and Robabeh fought against the "other" in two different ways and succeeded in finding the true identity of "themselves". Golnar and the mirror is a novel by Mohammad Azam Rahnavard Zaryab with a focus on the mental transformation of "Robabeh", a dancer girl from Kabul, one of whose ancester is Golnar, a ritual dancer in the court of a Maharaja. Golnar once competed with her own image in the mirror and gained amazing strength by winning over it. Robabeh also hopes for overcoming her image. So, the main theme of the novel is considering the mirror’s image as "other" and defeating it. Jacques Lacan considers the role of "other" in forming the "subject". ‘Mirror Stage’ is an important part of Lacanian psychoanalysis. He considers it as an illusion that shows the boundaries of the human existence and the presence of "another". This research has analyzed the novel Golnar and the Mirror with a descriptive-analytical method by applying a psychoanalytic criticism approch. It has studied the meaning of Golnar's competition with the "other" in the mirror, as well as the mental evolution of Robabeh and her attempt to transform into Golnar. The result shows that both Golnar and Robabeh fought against the "other" in two different ways and succeeded in finding the true identity of "themselves".

https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_3763_b6c45e8ba6909457332fbdd17319b0f9.pdf

Yazd University Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature 2645-453X 26 65 2025 08 23 From Kafka’s existentialism to Hosseini’s surrealism From Kafka’s existentialism to Hosseini’s surrealism 157 193 3771 10.29252/kavosh.2025.21942.3601 FA Firouz Fazeli -Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature at University of Guilan 0000-0003-4801-4180 Mina Mehrafarin Faculty of Persian language and literature, University of Guilan, Iran 0009-0008-7223-9172 Journal Article 2024 07 29 A bridge can serve as a link between the fictions of two lands, leading to a universal thinking. On one side, there is a short story by Franz Kafka, and, on the other, there is the first long philosophical story by Iranian writer Ghodsi Hosseini. In Hosseini's story, a woman begins a spiritual journey alongside her physical journey from Germany to Canada to visit her ailing sister. The author attempts to transform the despair of Kafka's existential bridge by finding herself in Lacan's "big Other" within a surreal and meaningful space as she crosses the bridge. This research employs a semiotic approach with a descriptive-analytical method to examine the two homonymous stories. As it demonstrates, there is a significant coherence among the elements of speech to convey a unified message in Kafka's "The Bridge", highlighting aspects of existentialism. In contrast, the diversity of the symbols and extensive intertextual references in Hosseini's "The Bridge" increases the number of the messages in the text. Although the bridge in Kafka's work is transformed from object to subject and remains a passage in Hosseini's story, there are other elements that indicate the intermingling of object and subject, which represents the hidden self of the subject in the safe haven of the object. This may be the most important ground between the two different narratives of the bridge. A bridge can serve as a link between the fictions of two lands, leading to a universal thinking. On one side, there is a short story by Franz Kafka, and, on the other, there is the first long philosophical story by Iranian writer Ghodsi Hosseini. In Hosseini's story, a woman begins a spiritual journey alongside her physical journey from Germany to Canada to visit her ailing sister. The author attempts to transform the despair of Kafka's existential bridge by finding herself in Lacan's "big Other" within a surreal and meaningful space as she crosses the bridge. This research employs a semiotic approach with a descriptive-analytical method to examine the two homonymous stories. As it demonstrates, there is a significant coherence among the elements of speech to convey a unified message in Kafka's "The Bridge", highlighting aspects of existentialism. In contrast, the diversity of the symbols and extensive intertextual references in Hosseini's "The Bridge" increases the number of the messages in the text. Although the bridge in Kafka's work is transformed from object to subject and remains a passage in Hosseini's story, there are other elements that indicate the intermingling of object and subject, which represents the hidden self of the subject in the safe haven of the object. This may be the most important ground between the two different narratives of the bridge.

https://kavoshnameh.yazd.ac.ir/article_3771_0f50fa943646e03b8eec82136c178242.pdf