Investigating the Adaptations of the Famous Sonnet “Emrooz Shah-e Anjoman-e Delbaran Yeki Ast” and Making a Hypothesis Regarding its True poet

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran

2 Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran.

10.29252/kavosh.2026.23443.3737

Abstract

Among the sonnets occasionally attributed to Hafez in various non-standard manuscripts is a piece beginning with the line “Emrooz shah-e anjoman-e delbaran yeki hast / Delbar agar hezar bood, delbar-e an yeki hast”. This poem has also been attributed to Amir Khosrow Dehlavi, Jami, and Esmat Bukhari, while some sources designate it as the work of an unknown poet. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach and library research, this study identifies six poets who have composed istiqbal (literary responses/imitations) to this poem, analyzing these adaptations through a stylistic lens in comparison with the original sonnet. The findings indicate that most of the poets who responded to this work were either mystics or poet-mystics, and the majority of commentators interpret the beloved (mamdouh) in this poem as God or the Prophet, associating it with the concept of Wahdat al-Wujud (Unity of Being). Given that the peak of these imitations occurred during the 8th and 9th centuries AH, it is highly probable that the poem was composed within this timeframe or reached its zenith of popularity during this era. Furthermore, due to the numerous imitations by prominent contemporary or near-contemporary poets, the original author’s identity has remained obscure. Based on the findings of this research, it is highly likely that this sonnet was composed by Esmat Bukhari, who himself imitated a poem by Amir Khosrow Dehlavi. Esmat’s contemporaneity with Hafez, the passage of time, his relative lack of fame compared to Hafez, and the lack of a standardized collection of his works have led to the incorporation of this poem into Hafez’s anthology and its subsequent fame under his name.

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References

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Journal of Kavoshnameh in Persian Language and Literature
Volume 27, Issue 68
June 2026
Pages 133-160

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