Tohfat-ol Ghaib by Mahmud ibn Hussein Mashhadi: A treatise on Sufism from the early tenth century AH

Document Type : Promotional article

Authors

1 Assistant professor of SAMT Humanities Research and Development Institute

2 PhD student of Persian language and literature, Kharazmi University

10.29252/kavosh.2022.18039.3198

Abstract

The Ottoman court during the reign of Sultan Mohammad the Conqueror and his son Sultan Bayazid II was one of the centers supporting the Persian language and literature. Some Iranians who had heard security news and the support of the kings of that land decided to emigrate there. One of these people was a Sufi named Mahmud ibn Hussein Mousavi Mashhadi, who was forced to immigrate to the court of the Ottoman Empire due to the conflicts and oppression in Khorasan in the late ninth century AH. In the city of Kayseri, he met Sheikh Seyyed Obaidullah Tostari Shirazi and spent two and a half years in his monastery. After that, as he planned to enter the court of Sultan Bayazid II on the advice of Seyyed Obaidullah, he wrote a treatise on Sufism called Tohfat-ol Ghaib. This treatise has an introduction and four chapters and contains significant Persian and Arabic verses by famous and unknown poets. The present article introduces Mahmoud ibn Hussein Mashhadi and Sheikh Seyyed Obaidullah. After that, the time of compiling the Tohfat-ol Ghaib is determined, and the only known manuscript of this treatise (from the Hagia Sophia / Ayasofya Library, Istanbul) is presented. In the calligraphy section of this book, the reader gets acquainted with the signs of writing as an interesting feature of the book. In the meantime, considering the subject of the treatise and the intellect of its author, references are made to the linguistic style and the literary aspect of the work.
 

Keywords

References

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